Explanations for Available Tests

Hb1AC 糖化血紅素值

ENG The hemoglobin A1c test can tell you the average level of blood sugar over the past 3 months. It can also be used to test or screen for diabetes or to check your current diabetic control. People who have diabetes need this test regularly to see if their levels are staying within range- it can tell if you need to adjust your diabetes medicines.
糖化血紅素值測試可以告你過去三個月的平血糖水平亦可用作測或篩查糖尿病,或檢你目的糖尿病控制尿病患者需要定進行這項測試,以確的血糖水平是在標水平內—測試可以判斷你是調整你的糖尿病物。
糖化血红素值测试可以告诉过去三个月的平均血糖水平。测试可以测试或筛查糖尿病,或检查目前的糖尿病控制。糖尿病患者需要定期进行这项测试,以确定他们的血糖水平是在标准水平内测试可以判断是否需要调整的糖尿病药物。

Renal function test/eGFR (blood test) 檢查和腎絲球過(驗血)
ENG eGFR is short for estimated glomerular filtration rate. It tells how well the kidneys are working in getting rid of the creatinine, a waste product in your blood i.e. it is an indicator of the renal function. 
 eGFR是估腎小球過濾速率的簡寫這個測試可以告訴我們腎在清肌酸酐(一種血中的廢物即腎功的指)方的效果
 eGFR是估计肾小球过滤速率的写。这个测试可以告诉我们肾脏在清除肌酸酐(一种血液中的废物,即肾功能的指标)方面的效果。

Cholesterol (blood test) 固醇(驗血
ENG There are two main types of cholesterol: low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or "bad" cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), or "good" cholesterol. The cholesterol test is a blood test that measures the amount of each type of cholesterol and certain fats in your blood. Too much LDL cholesterol in your blood may put you at risk for heart attack, stroke and other serious conditions.
 膽固醇有兩種低密脂蛋白(LDL又稱固醇,高密脂蛋白(HDL又稱固醇。固醇是以驗去測中每種膽固醇和某種脂的含量。中太多低密脂蛋固醇可令你有心病發作中風和其的風險。
 胆固醇主要有两种类型:低密度脂蛋白(LDL),又称“坏”胆固醇,以及高密度脂蛋白(HDL),又称“好”胆固醇。胆固醇测试是以验血去测量血液中每种胆固醇和某种脂肪的含量。血液中太多低密度脂蛋白胆固醇可令有心脏病发作,中风和其他严重疾病的风险。

ECG (electrocardiogram) 心電圖(ECG
ENG An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a test which measures the electrical activity of your heart to show whether or not it is working normally. It records the heart’s rhythm and activity on a moving strip of paper or a line on a screen. 
 心電圖是種可測心臟電活的測試,以顯作。心電圖會記心律和心到移的紙條上或在螢上用線顯示。
 心电图是种可测量心脏电活动的测试,以显示心脏是否正常运作。心电图会记录心律和心脏活动到移动的纸条上或在萤幕上用线显示。

Chest X-ray 胸肺X光檢
ENG A chest X-ray is a fast and painless imaging test that uses certain electromagnetic waves to create pictures of the structures in and around your chest. This test can help diagnose and monitor conditions such as pneumonia, heart failure, lung cancer, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and lung tissue scarring, called fibrosis.
 胸肺X光檢個快且無痛的成像測試,某種胸肺X光檢個快且無痛的成像測試,某種電磁波來產生胸和周的圖像這個測和監﹑心力衰﹑肺﹑肺結核﹑結節病和肺組結疤又稱為纖
 胸肺X光检查个快捷且无痛的成像测试,利用某种胸肺X光检查个快捷且无痛的成像测试,利用某种电磁波来产生胸部和周围结构的图像。这个测试可以帮助诊断和监测肺炎﹑心力衰竭﹑肺癌﹑肺结核﹑结节病和肺组织结疤,又称为纤维化。

Hepatitis B Panel (HBsAg, HBsAb, HBcAb) 乙型肝炎全套抗原抗體抗體
ENG Only one sample of blood is needed for a hepatitis B blood test, but the “Hepatitis B Panel” includes three parts. All three test results are needed to fully understand whether a person is infected or not. Below is an explanation of the 3-part “Hepatitis B Panel”:
1.    HBsAg (Hepatitis B surface antigen) - A "positive" or "reactive" HBsAg test result means that the person is infected with hepatitis B. This test can detect the actual presence of the hepatitis B virus (called the “surface antigen”) in your blood. If a person tests “positive,” then further testing is needed to determine if this is a new “acute” infection or a “chronic” hepatitis B infection. A positive HBsAg test result means that you are infected and can spread the hepatitis B virus to others through your blood.
2.    HBsAb (Hepatitis B surface antibody) - A positive HBsAb test result indicates that a person is protected against the hepatitis B virus. This protection can be the result of receiving the hepatitis B vaccine or successfully recovering from a past hepatitis B infection. This test is not routinely included in blood bank screenings. A positive HBsAb test result means you are “immune” and protected against the hepatitis B virus and cannot be infected. You are not infected and cannot spread hepatitis B to others.
3.    HBcAb (Hepatitis B core antibody) - A positive HBcAb test result indicates a past or current hepatitis B infection. The core antibody does not provide any protection against the hepatitis B virus (unlike the surface antibody described above). This test can only be fully understood by knowing the results of the first two tests (HBsAg and anti-HBs). A positive HBcAb test result requires talking to your health care provider for a complete explanation of your hepatitis B status.
 乙型肝炎驗血非常簡單,並可在醫生診所中迅速進行。有三種常見的驗血,在驗血時從您 身上抽取一份血樣﹕
1.乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)—這直接化驗是否有病毒存在。如果化驗呈陽性,則您可能已 受到乙型肝炎感染。這一化驗可能必須進行多次,以確認您是否已受到慢性感染。
 2.乙型肝炎表面抗體(HBsAb anti-HBs)—這化驗您的免疫系統為了抵抗病毒而製造的表面抗體”。如果您已“康復”,該化驗則呈陽性,但這一過程可能最多需要六個月。這一“表面抗體”將保護您終生不再受乙型肝炎感傳染。如果您已接受乙型肝炎疫苗注 射,該化驗亦呈陽性。
3.乙型肝炎核心抗體(HBcAb anti-HBc)—這化驗病毒中稱為“核心抗體”的部分,但不 能為您提供保護。如該化驗呈陽性,則您可能已受乙型肝炎病毒感染。該化驗的結果僅限 於與上述其它兩種化驗共同判讀。
 乙型肝炎验血非常简单,并可在医生诊所中迅速进行。有三种常见的验血,在验血时从您身上抽取一份血样﹕
1.乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)—这直接化验是否有病毒存在。如果化验呈阳性,则您可能已 受到乙型肝炎感染。这一化验可能必须进行多次,以确认您是否已受到慢性感染。
 2.乙型肝炎表面抗体(HBsAbanti-HBs)—这化验您的免疫系统为了抵抗病毒而制造的表面抗体”。如果您已“康复”,该化验则呈阳性,但这一过程可能最多需要六个月。这一“表面抗体”将保护您终生不再受乙型肝炎感传染。如果您已接受乙型肝炎疫苗注 射,该化验亦呈阳性。
3.乙型肝炎核心抗体(HBcAbanti-HBc)—这化验病毒中称为“核心抗体”的部分,但不 能为您提供保护。如该化验呈阳性,则您可能已受乙型肝炎病毒感染。该化验的结果仅限 于与上述其它两种化验共同判读。

Faecal occult blood test (FOBT) 大便潛血反檢查
ENG The faecal occult blood test (FOBT) is a lab testused to check stool samples for hidden (occult) blood. Occult blood in the stool may indicate colon cancer or polyps in the colon or rectum, though not all cancers or polyps bleed.
 大便溍血反檢查(FOBT)是用作橡查大便樣本中隱(潛血)血的試驗。大便中的潛血可表示結腸癌或結腸或直腸中有息肉並不是所有癌或息肉都會出血
 大便溍血反应检查(FOBT)是用作橡查大便样本中隐藏(潜血)血液的试验。大便中的潜血可能表示结肠癌,或结肠或直肠中有息肉,虽然并不是所有癌症或息肉都会出血。

Chlamydia/ Gonorrhoea PCR 衣原體或淋病聚合酶鍊式反應
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis is a laboratory technique that could detect small amounts of DNA in a sample from the organisms that cause gonorrhoea or chlamydiapresented in urine sample, using a process known as amplification. During PCR amplification, the DNA of interest is copied repeatedly until there is enough of it for analysis and detection. 
 聚合酶鍊式反應PCR)分析是一種實驗室技術,可從引淋病或衣原體的尿液樣本中的生物樣本檢到少量DNA這個過稱為擴增PCR擴增中,重複目DNA直到有足DNA和檢測。
 聚合酶链式反应(PCR)分析是一种实验室技术,可从引起淋病或衣原体的尿液样本中的生物样本检测到少量DNA,这个过程称为扩增。在PCR扩增中,重复目标DNA,直到有足够的DNA进行分析和检测。

Syphilis 
ENG A syphilis test is usually in the form of a blood test, venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) test, which checks for syphilis antibodies. A VDRL test can be done on blood or spinal fluid. If a screening test comes back positive, you will need more testing to rule out or confirm a syphilis diagnosis. 
 梅都是驗血測試,性病研究實驗室(VDRL)測試,即檢抗體VDRL測試可在血或脊髓液上進行篩查結呈陽性,將需要更多測試來排除或確認梅毒診斷。
 梅毒测试通常都是验血测试,性病研究实验室(VDRL)测试,即检查梅毒抗体。VDRL测试可以在血液或脊髓液上进行。如果筛查结果呈阳性,您将需要更多测试来排除或确认梅毒诊断。

HIV 1&2 Ab/p24Ag HIV-1HIV-2抗體/ p24抗原檢
ENG Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the cause of AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). HIV screening tests detect the HIV antigen (p24) and/or HIV antibodies produced in response to an HIV infection in the blood. Some tests detect HIV antibody in oral fluid.
 人類免疫缺陷病毒HIV患上愛滋病後天免疫缺乏症候群的原HIV篩查測試檢測HIV抗原p24/HIV抗體,這些抗體是針對血液中的HIV感染而產生的。些測試可從腔液中檢測HIV抗體。
 人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)是患上滋病(后天免疫缺乏症候群)的原因。HIV筛查测试能检测HIV抗原(p24)和/HIV抗体,这些抗体是针对血液中的HIV感染而产生的。有些测试可从口腔液中检测到HIV抗体。

Liquid Profile 血脂
ENG Lipids are a group of fats and fat-like substances that are important constituents of cells and sources of energy. A lipid panel measures the level of specific lipids in the blood. Monitoring and maintaining healthy levels of these lipids is important in staying healthy. The results of the lipid panel are considered along with other known risk factors of heart disease to develop a plan of treatment and follow-up. Depending on the results and other risk factors, treatment options may involve lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise or lipid-lowering medications such as statins.
 血脂是一組脂肪和脂肪樣物質,是細胞和能量的重要成分。血脂全套可測中特血脂的水平。監測和維持這些脂的健康水平對於保持健康非常重要。血脂全套檢測的結可與其已知的心病的危一起考慮,以製定治及跟進。根據結果和其他風險因素,治療方案可能涉及改變生活方式,如飲食和運動或降脂藥物,如他汀類藥物。
 血脂是一组脂肪和脂肪样物质,是细胞和能量的重要成分。血脂全套可测量血液中特定血脂的水平。监测和维持这些血脂的健康水平对于保持健康非常重要。血脂全套检测的结果可与其他已知的心脏病的危险因素一起考虑,以制定治疗计划及跟进。根据结果​​和其他风险因素,治疗方案可能涉及改变生活方式,如饮食和运动或降脂药物,如他汀类药物。

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